Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)

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Rhizotomy or radiofrequency ablation is a surgical procedure that destroys problematic nerve roots that carry pain signals to the brain. The candidates for this procedure are the patients who already underwent a series of successful nerve blocks that identified the source of pain. This procedure can effectively relieve chronic back pain and in many cases muscle spasms. For spinal joint pain, most common RFA procedure is the facet rhizotomy. A physician will use radiofrequency probe (ultrathin wire that is passed through a special needle) to destroy the nerves that are causing pain. The nerves will grow back over time and the patient might need to receive a treatment again within a year.

How Is This Procedure Performed?

You will receive a mild sedative in the vein and will stay awake during the procedure.  The doctor uses an x-ray to guide the needle’s placement with the electrode. The doctor determines the nerve location and the spot is stimulated by a mild electrical current. You may notice some tingling or a little pressure during this part. The sensory nerves are deadened by the electrode which is heated.  The procedure ends when the needle is removed and a bandage is placed on the injection site.

Radiofrequency Ablation Recovery Time

When your return home, you may notice some bruising, soreness, or swelling at the injection site. Most patients are able to go back to work and normal daily activities the day following a facet rhizotomy. Cold therapy (ice pack) or anti-inflammatory drugs can help reduce post-procedure symptoms. The healing process can take up to 2-4 weeks. As your nerves heal from this procedure, the pain will continue to improve. The maximum benefit from this procedure is typically experienced within 2 weeks after the procedure, and this typically lasts 8-12 months.

Side Effects & Risks

Radiofrequency ablation success rate is relatively high and procedure has a very low chance of complications. But there is always a chance of infection when a needle is used in a procedure. Some of the side effects include:

• You may experience numbness or weakness in the arm or leg because of anesthetic you received could affect your nerves.
• You may lose control your arms or legs temporarily. Don’t worry. You are not paralyzed and the strength in your arms and legs will return.
• Blood pressure may drop and lead to dizziness.
• You may notice a slight headache. Make sure you are drinking plenty of fluids and taking any needed pain medications.
• You may feel some mild pain and discomfort where the injection was made. Apply ice to the site and take pain medications or anti-inflammatories.